Fusaka upgrade activates PeerDAS data availability sampling on mainnet

Ethereum Foundation/Ethereum protocol upgrades

Ethereum activated the Fusaka upgrade on December 3, 2025, deploying PeerDAS (EIP-7594) to let nodes verify blob data by sampling pieces instead of downloading entire blobs. This clears the path for higher blob capacity, with two Blob Parameter Only forks scheduled to increase limits step by step (BPO1 on Dec 9, BPO2 on Jan 7).

• PeerDAS uses erasure coding to let nodes sample blob pieces while guaranteeing full data exists across the network.
• BPO1 raises blob target from 6 to 10 and max from 9 to 15; BPO2 further increases to target 14, max 21.
• Gradual increases benefit Layer 2 rollups with higher throughput while maintaining Ethereum security standards.