The Netherlands becomes the first European country to approve FSD (Supervised)

Tesla/Full Self-Driving (Supervised)

The Dutch vehicle authority RDW approved FSD (Supervised) as a Level 2 driver-assist system, making the Netherlands the first European nation to allow it outside testing. Drivers must stay attentive and ready to take over; the approval covers only Dutch roads using a national exemption rule.

• Regulatory milestone: First European country to approve FSD for road use
• Automation level: SAE Level 2 driver-assistance (supervised, eyes must remain on road)
• Approval mechanism: Article 39 exemption allowing EU member states to approve non-harmonized tech
• Geographic limitation: Approval valid only on Dutch roads; FSD must be deactivated when crossing borders