The brief

Analyst view

• Operates Europe's weather forecast center for 35 member and cooperating states, used by national meteorological services.
• AIFS v2 (May 2026) is the first operational AI weather system, with wave and snow forecasts.
• Generates forecasts 10x faster and 1,000x lower energy than physics-based models.

Technical approach

As reported

Architecture

Graph neural networks with transformers

GNN processes 3D atmosphere as a graph; transformer encoder-decoder tracks time evolution over steps.

Training

40+ years of reanalysis and observations

Learns from ERA5 reanalysis and verified forecasts—billions of valid weather-evolution examples.

Operations

Deterministic and ensemble forecasts

AIFS Single for best estimate; AIFS Ensemble for uncertainty ranges. Run daily, outputs public within minutes.